Journals

The journal section contains articles which might be of interest to people working in the area of cardiology. This section also contains downloadable copies of the society's bi-monthly e-journal NewsPulse.

Remember if you wish to automatically receive NewsPulse in your inbox or come across an article which may be of interest to others please let us know, editor@isct.ie

NewsPulse Archive

Previous editions of NewsPulse are available below for download. If the file does not open automatically, then right click on the link and select the "Save Target as" option.

NewsPulse Jun-Jul 2010
NewsPulse Mar-May 2010
NewsPulse Jan-Feb 2010
NewsPulse Oct 2009 Special ICS Edition
NewsPulse Aug-Sep 2009
NewsPulse May-July 2009
NewsPulse Mar-Apr 2009
NewsPulse Jan-Feb 2009
NewsPulse Nov-Dec 2008
NewsPulse Sept-Oct 2008


Below are abstracts of recent articles which may be of interest.

Remote monitoring of implanted devices reduced time between onset of events, clinical decision-making
A wireless remote monitoring and notification system based on cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillators and implantable cardioverter defibrillators cut the time from onset of events to clinical decisions in response to arrhythmias, CVD progression and device issues by nearly two-thirds, as compared with standard in-office care. The CONNECT study compared standard in-office care with a wireless telemetry system in 1,997 patients implanted with an ICD or cardiac resynchronization defibrillator. Patients assigned to remote monitoring received a home monitor capable of receiving a wireless telemetry system from the implanted device and automatically transmitting diagnostic information to the office over the phone, including routine scheduled information and alerts, requiring no patient action (n=1,014; 70.5% men; mean age, 65.2 years). These patients were seen in the office one month and 15 months after device implantation only. Patients assigned to standard care were followed-up in the office on a fixed schedule, typically every three to six months, and received no remote monitoring (n=983; 71.7% men; mean age, 64.9 years). Remote monitoring decreased the time from between onset of events to clinical decision making, a mean 10.5 days compared with 29.5 days with standard in-office care. Patients assigned to remote monitoring also experienced significant reductions in the average length of hospital stay (3.3 days vs. 4 days) compared with standard care. Replacement of routine in-clinic follow-up visits with remote transmissions did not increase other health care utilizations, such as CV hospitalizations and ED and unscheduled clinic visits. These improvements were associated with an average estimated savings of $1,659 per hospitalization for patients who received remote monitoring. “This system allows the clinician to better manage the patient’s disease by making critical information immediately available,” George H. Crossley, MD, president of Mid-State Cardiology and clinical professor of medicine at the University of Tennessee College of Medicine, both in Nashville, TN, said in a press release. “By learning about clinical events earlier, we have the opportunity to intervene earlier, improve outcome and prevent disease progression.” CONNECT enrolled patients from 2006 to 2008; patient follow-up was completed in 2009. This study was funded by Medtronic, Inc

Reported on Cardiology News from the ACC Scientific Sessions

Lack of association between left bundle-branch block and acute myocardial infarction in symptomatic ED patients.
Chang AM; et al Am J Emerg Med.  2009; 27(8):916-21
OBJECTIVE: Guidelines recommend treating patients with a new or presumed new left bundle-branch block (LBBB) similar to those with an acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. It is often unclear which emergency department (ED) patients with potentially ischemic symptoms actually have an acute myocardial infarction (AMI), even in the setting of LBBB. Our null hypothesis was that in ED patients with potential AMI, the presence of a new or presumed new LBBB would not predict an increased likelihood of AMI. METHODS: This was an observational cohort study. Patients older than 30 years who presented with chest pain or other ischemic equivalent and had an electrocardiogram (ECG) to evaluate potential acute coronary syndrome (ACS) were enrolled. Data collected include demographics, history, ECG, and cardiac markers. Electrocardiograms were classified according to the standardized guidelines, including LBBB not known to be old (new or presumed new LBBB), LBBB known to be old, or no LBBB. The hospital course was followed, and 30-day follow-up was performed on all patients. Our main outcome was AMI. RESULTS: There were 7937 visits (mean age, 54.3 +/- 15 years, 57% female, 68% black): 55 had new or presumed new LBBB, 136 had old LBBB, and 7746 had no LBBB. The rate of AMI was not significantly different between the 3 groups (7.3% vs 5.2% vs 6.1%; P = .75). Revascularization (7.8% vs old 5.2% vs 4.3%; P = .04) and coronary artery disease were more common in patients with new or presumed new LBBB (19.2% vs 11.9% vs 10.1%; P = .0004). CONCLUSIONS: Despite guideline recommendations that patients with potential ACS and new or presumed new LBBB should be treated similar to STEMI, ED patients with a new or presumed new LBBB are not at increased risk of AMI. In fact, the presence of LBBB, whether new or old, did not predict AMI. Caution should be used in applying recommendations derived from patients with definite AMI to ED patients with potential ACS that may or may not be sustaining an AMI.

Does Catheter Ablation Cure Atrial Fibrillation? Single-procedure Outcome of Drug-refractory Atrial Fibrillation Ablation: A 6-year Multicentre Experience
Emanuele Bertaglia. Europace. 2010;12(2):181-7
Aims In the last decade, several approaches to ablating triggers and substrates of atrial fibrillation (AF) have been developed. However, most studies have reported data only on short- or medium-term follow-up. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the 1-year efficacy of catheter ablation for AF is predictive of long-term clinical success.
Methods and results Between February 2001 and October 2003, 229 consecutive patients affected by drug-refractory paroxysmal or persistent AF underwent a single radiofrequency catheter ablation procedure (anatomical approach in 146 patients and electrophysiologically guided approach in 83 patients). Of these patients, 177 (mean age 59.1 ± 10.5 years, 57.6% with paroxysmal AF) were free from any atrial arrhythmia recurrence after 12 months. These 177 patients were subsequently followed up for at least another 24 months, by means of electrocardiogram and 24 h Holter monitoring. After a mean follow-up of 49.7 ± 13.3 months (range 36–83 months), 58.2% of the patients were free from any atrial arrhythmia recurrence (39.5% without antiarrhythmic drugs). The actuarial atrial arrhythmia recurrence rate was 13.0% at 2 years, 21.8% at 3 years, 35.0% at 4 years, 46.8% at 5 years, and 54.6% at 6 years. Atrial arrhythmia-free survival was similar in patients with paroxysmal or persistent AF, with and without antiarrhythmic drugs during the follow-up, who underwent electrophysiologically guided pulmonary vein (PV) isolation or anatomical PV ablation.
Conclusion Even patients in whom catheter ablation prevents AF recurrence for 1 year should not be considered 'cured', since >40% of them will suffer AF recurrence over a long-term clinical follow-up

The Relative Atrial Index (RAI)—A Novel, Simple, Reliable, and Robust Transthoracic Echocardiographic Indicator of Atrial Defects
Natalie F. A. Kelly, et al. J Am Soc Echocardiogr 2010;23:275-81
Background: The detection of atrial septal defects (ASDs) and other shunts is sometimes difficult on transthoracic echocardiography. In addition, the quantitative assessment of right-heart volume loading as an indicator of significant shunting can be difficult, with subjective estimation commonly used. Thus, the initial aim of this study was to test the accuracy of a simple, noninvasive index using atrial area dimensions to detect the presence of an ASD. Subsequently, the index was used to assess the degree of normalization and remodeling of atrial size following percutaneous ASD device closure.
Methods: The relative atrial index (RAI) was derived from standard apical 4-chamber views as right atrial area divided by left atrial area. RAI was calculated in patients with previously diagnosed secundum atrial defects (n= 219) with no concomitant lesions and then compared with those calculated in age-matched controls (n = 219). 101 of the 219 patients with secundum atrial defects underwent percutaneous device closure. Measurements were obtained before and 1 day after percutaneous closure as well as in the early (mean, 124 days) and late (mean, 390 days) stages of follow-up.
Results: The mean RAI in patients with ASDs (1.23 6 0.23) was significantly higher than that in the agematched normal control group (0.78 6 0.1) (P < .0001). The mean RAI in patients with ASD was also significantly higher than that in the general population (0.81 6 0.15) (P < .0001). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis suggested that a nominal RAI cutoff value of >0.92 predicted patients with ASDs versus matched controls with 99.1% sensitivity and 90.5% specificity. After percutaneous closure, significant atrial remodeling occurred immediately, with a reduction in the mean RAI at day 1 to 0.93 6 0.16 (P < .0001) and complete normalization at early follow-up to 0.81 6 0.12.
Conclusion: The RAI, a novel and simple transthoracic parameter, reliably identifies patients with possible atrial shunting. The resolution of right atrial enlargement occurs remarkably early after percutaneous ASD closure, as demonstrated by this novel parameter

 

If you have come across an interesting journal article please email it or a reference to editor@isct.org .